Establishing Seamless Support

Establishing Seamless Support When dealing with a customer and trying to be able to fix the problem they are having, a support specialist must be able to listen, communicate (verbally and non-verbally), and have the ability or know how to fix the problem. When listening to the customer, take notes so that you do not miss anything. This will allow for the customer to vent and express their problem. Sometimes the customer is mad and just needs to let off some steam, and the support person is the person that has to hear it. Let them get it out and the conversation will go much more smoothly. Communicate to the customer what you will do and how you will do it. Spell it out for them, this will make them feel like they are part of the process and you are doing everything you can for them. When not speaking to the customer, communicate non-verbally so they know that you have their undivided attention. The customer will stay calmer if they know you are taking in everything they are saying. When there has to be some type of compromise, the customer’s needs are first. As a support specialist, we have to remember that we are there to help and not hurt our customers. We want them to continue to come back to the company for all their needs. Once a support specialist can understand that making the customer happy is their objective, then the compromise for an issue is easily obtained.

How Risky is Risk

â€Å"The human understanding, once it has adopted an opinion , collects any instance that confirm it, and though the contrary instances may be more numerous and more weightily, it either does not notice them or else rejects them, in order that this opinion will remain unshaken. † Francis Bacon, 1620. Risk is a very interesting thing; people normally tend not to realize the real effect that risk takes in their lives.There are many kinds of risk, we want to focus on studying the financial risk, the perception of it, the effect that it has on the private banking behavior, their clients, and how they would be treated, the effect that it has on decision making, and the effect that it has o behavioral finance. Because when you start talking about behavioral finance you need to try to understand what risk represents and all of the effects it has. During this article we want to show why over 10% return margins shouldn't be viewed as something risky, but as something worth analyzing. Because in this times people are going to need over 10% margins if they still want to be making profits out of their investments. And once people understand what risk represents, what it represents ND all of its effects, they can start analyzing what they want and need out of their investments. And once they understand that, they are going to do anything to accomplish it, because as it is said in the quote at the beginning once the human understanding acquires a goal and an opinion on how to get to the goal, he will do anything to end up successfully. . Risk Risk by definition, is the potential of gaining something of value, weighed against losing something of value but, The term â€Å"risk†, means financial risk or uncertainty of financial loss† (Raglan, 2003). After using these terms for the purpose of this paper e will divide the study of risk into 3 parts: types of financial risk, the ways to measure IR and perception of risk. 2. 1 Types of risk There are many types of risk; we are going to focus on 5: credit risk, market risk, operational risk, regulatory risk, environmental risk.All of these are top priorities for banks to analyze throughout the operational process. Credit risk, is the potential that a borrower fails to meet his obligations on the terms that were agreed. There are 2 key components on defining credit risk, quantity of risk and the probability of default. The banking system manages credit risk using exposure ceilings, review renewal, risk rating, risk based in scientific pricing and portfolio management. Market risk is the possibility of loss caused by changes in market variables, it sums up to four components.Liquidity risk, this is divided into funding risk, time risk and call risk. Interest rate risk, which is the potential of negative impact coming from changes in rates. Foreign exchange risk and country risk. Operational risk: Human error risk. Regulatory risk: The risk implied by the government ‘s ability to make n ew laws and modify regulation. . 2 Wars to measure risk There are several methods to measure risk, we will be focusing on the most common ones and the ones that are better suited for Hedge Funds. Vary is used to quantify the exposure to the market risk, using standard statistics techniques.It measures the minimum expected loss that a firm may suffer under normal circumstances, over a set time period at a desired level of significance. One of the biggest setbacks with Vary is that it's useless in times of booms and crisis as it doesn't prevent you from being part of them. Another big problem with Vary is that it is one of the most moon risk measures and people tend to trust it too much without hesitation. (CITE) Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion of a set of data from its average. It is usually applied to the annual rate of return of an investment to measure the investment ‘s volatility. CITE) After taking a look at these 2 methods that are the most commonly used, we will be talking about the ones more suitable for the Hedge Fund industry, which are the following: Seminarian's or downside deviation is the average of the squared deviation of values that are less than the mean or a â€Å"minimum acceptable return†. This method is similar to variance, the difference between the two is that seminarian's focuses only on the negative fluctuations of the asset neutralizing all the values above the mean. This method primarily provides the estimate of loss that a portfolio could incur, keeping the estimated risk realistic. CITE) Kurtosis is a statistical measure used to describe the distribution of observed data used around the mesas. Kurtosis is also known as the measurement for the volatility of volatility. Its main purpose is to describe the trends in charts. Keenness describes asymmetry from the normal distribution in a set of statistical data. Keenness can come in the form of â€Å"negative keenness† or â€Å"positive keenness† , depending on whether data points are skewed to the left (negative skew) or to the right (positive skew) of the data average. CITE) After analyzing these methods, we can conclude that for a Hedge Fund and especially for clients investing in these it is better to use the seminarian's, kurtosis and keenness methods to analyze the risk of an investment. These three focus more on the downside risk of the portfolio instead of using the Vary that is only good on stable periods and doesn't account for drastic mimes, besides standard deviation and variance can be very deceiving in the context of analyzing the real risk that a portfolio can have focusing also on outlying positive returns. 3.Private banking What we want to analyze is the way private banks operate and especially how clients needs are met, how they are treated, how their money gets almost frozen with interest rates that barely covers their money from the effect of inflation, and how private banks earn a lot of money while clie nts barely earn real returns. Banks offer annulled returns between 3 and 5 percent which is usually not enough to meet paving expenses or inflation for the wealthy clients. An American study showed the following: â€Å"Americans said they need to earn average annual gains of 9. Percent above inflation to make their financial needs. Natives officials noted that inflation since 1964 has averaged 4. 2 percent annually, which means the average American has to generate 14 percent to meet their needs. â€Å"fee,2014) having this in mind clients can realize that they need to expect a bigger profit on their investments because they are actually losing money, their money is losing value and the only way f stopping this from happening is by demanding higher returns using alternative investments. High returns while taking minimal risk is a pipe dream; if asset growth is your priority, taking risk is crucial† Oaf,2014), and that is why clients need to be sure that risk is being managed in the most efficient manner. 3. 1 Clients The most important part of any financial institution are the clients, and most important thing about them is recognizing that every client is different and every client has different needs. Every client has to be treated differently to help them meet his/her goals. As the investigation of Dry.Rene Fischer and his team in the book â€Å"Wealth Management in new Realities†, â€Å"we identify 7 engagements that are shaping client behavior and needs† (Fischer, De Conge, OK, Topper, 2013), with this in mind we will take a look at those seven trends to give clients the best service possible while maintaining a steady margin of returns. Engagement one: Changing demographics. The population is growing and also the markets, clients need security and information that their money is secure and generating profit.Engagement two: Globalization and future markets. With the Gap's of various developing countries rowing at a fast pace, clients are starting to look at investing in new markets. Engagement three: Scarce resources and climate change. Global awareness is growing for environmental issues that can create new opportunities in clean energies, and a new set of investments in ecological matters for clients. Engagement four: Economic crises and insecurities. With the volatility of the market, clients are starting to be insecure about their money.It is the financial institution ‘s Job to keep clients informed about the situation their money is in, and make them feel safe that their money is in good hands. Engagement five: Dynamic technology and innovation. With all the changes in information technologies, â€Å"more and more people are getting connected and are sharing information on the go' (Fischer, De Conge, OK, Topper, 2013), this makes clients better informed and more aware about what is happening to their money.Engagement six: Sharing global interest responsibility. With the shift towards global cooperati on and MONGO ‘s gaining power, clients are demanding socially responsible investments. Engagement seven: Global knowledge society. This trend goes hand in hand with trend number five, with new technologies of information, society has easier access to new information and the tools to know what is happening.With all these trends happening, clients want to be more informed and still get the same yield, but with the misinformation, manipulation and misunderstood promises from the monetary agents, the clients think that having their money working to win Just a little over inflation Just to avoid losing money might be wrong, because with the globalize economy that we have this days studies that are being made all around the world can be generalized, so if something is happening in Europe you could assume that something similar is happening morpheme else.So with this in mind after taking a look in some studies made in India we saw that the inflation is not the same for every social c lass and that the general inflation that everyone takes for granted does really have much effect on the middle and high class, because it is made out from an average of items that don't really affect does two classes, and we are focusing on them because they are the ones that are clients of the financial institutions, and the prices of the items that they acquire are going up stronger that the regular inflation, so that is why they are not retorted with the interest rates that they receive, and they are in fact losing money which is the one thing that they were trying to avoid. 4. Behavioral finance There are many factors involved in the process of understanding behavioral finance.To understand this you have to start with risk perception, understanding why people tend to make certain decisions, and after that study the behavioral biases investors exhibit to see what drives the intuition of most individuals. Behavioral finance can help a financial institution prevent certain human fa ctors that can be mitigated at the mime of making decisions and preventing psychological factors to play an important role in the decision making process. 4. 1 Risk perception Risk perception is one of the most important elements of psychological effect on the market. Trying to understand why people tend to make certain decisions at certain times is one of the biggest questions in this matter.Many investigations have been made about the subject, one that stood out was: â€Å"The Psychological Impact of Booms and Busts on Risk Preferences in Financial Professionals† by Cohn, Fear and Marcella. During this experiment they decided to manipulate two different kinds of lotteries giving different options in different controlled markets. Their final conclusion was that there will always be a psychological/emotional factor that can't be measured with precision but you can be sure that during times of booms people tend to be overly optimistic and risk is not their biggest concern, and during times of busts people usually tend to be overly conservative and almost allergic to risk.This can be obvious in both cases as it is when biases come into play. This is why risk can be a risky thing when you are not certain that is being measured the right way. If the risk is being measured correctly, psychological factors shouldn't have any weight in the decision making process. 4. 2 Behavioral bias Behavioral biases in finance are tendencies to act in a certain way; they can lead someone to a systematic deviation from a standard of rationality or good Judgment. Five biases that we believe can be the most common ones in an investor are the following: 1. – Confirmation bias is the tendency that makes people believe in information only if confirms their beliefs and hypothesis. 2.Optimism bias is the tendency to think that you are less at risk of experiencing a negative event than others. 3. – Loss aversion bias is the tendency that agents take on when they prefer the option of avoiding a loss than the option of acquiring gains. 4. – Self-serving bias is the tendency to distort a process because of the need to maintain and enhance once self-esteem. 5. – Planning fallacy bias is the tendency to underestimate the time that it will take to complete a task. These are only some of the behavioral biases that play a significant factor in the psychological process of making decisions. It has to be taken into account that all of them could affect an investor 5.Conclusion â€Å"The human brain has evolved to be very efficient at pattern recognition, but as the confirmation bias shows, we are focused on finding and confirming patterns rather than minimizing our false conclusions. Yet we needn't be pessimist, for it is possible to overcome our prejudices. It is a start simply to realize that chance events, too, produce patterns. It is another great step if we learn to question our perceptions and our theories. Finally, we should learn to spend as much time looking for evidence that e are wrong as we spend searching for reasons we are correct. † (Millions, 2008). After looking at previous evidence, it is clear that both Private Bankers and Clients have a misconception about risk.Behavioral biases transform risk into fear which if not mitigated by Private Bankers leads to inefficient allocation in Client's portfolios, and a controlling position in their relationship. This is why Bankers usually oversee those investments that they are not familiar with and reject them or cause Clients to reject them without studying their process and risk/reward ratio. This is the case with vast majority of Alternative Investments. We encourage Clients to keep a critical point of view with regards to their portfolios and continuously question their Banker's recommendations. By being involved in their investment decisions and being up to date on current market trends Clients will have a correct attitude towards risk when it comes to investing.

Caroll is a subsidiary

Caroll is a subsidiary Introduction Caroll is a subsidiary of the Vivarte group since 1988. This brand is one of the ready-to-wear sector’s successes, which has been known and appreciated by many women for over 40 years. Caroll is particularly renowned for the quality of its products. With over 350 stores, about 100 of which are abroad Caroll is a brand that is ever growing both in France and internationally. Caroll’s culture is based on a shared brand vision:  § Strong product identity,  § A high degree of adaptability,  § An innovative brand/distributor concept. The company’s niche was knitwear only. The 1970s were boom years! In the 1980s, Caroll began to evolve†¦In 1980, it added a ready-to-wear collection and its first franchise shops in France. In 1984, Caroll opened its first branch shops. Four years later, Caroll International was listed on the stock exchange and the Andrà © group, which was to become Vivarte in 2001, purchased a large share in the company. The 199 0s were revolutionary! In 1994, Caroll International defined a new positioning for itself, creating the â€Å"Caroll Paris† brand and introducing new strategies with a view to becoming a key player in the world of fashion, for a targeted yet sizeable female clientele, well informed and with high standards. In just a few years, Caroll International succeeded in completely changing its image and significantly increased its market share. After having transformed its network in France, Caroll International began to expand in other countries in 1997. Since 2000, Caroll has strengthened its image by taking on a huge challenge: the application of luxury codes to distribution. With a wealth of experience in its sector, the Brand is now particularly appreciated for the quality of its products, its expertise and its style. Part One: Marketing Audit A. Corporate Level 1. The company mission Caroll has its styling bureau in Paris. This bureau detects trends and creates collections it abl e to react quickly and design new products. Caroll missions are to design fashion clothes women, staying at the top of the fashion each seasons. The second mission is to sell this clothes and accessories by franchising new shops all around the world. 2. Company objectives & goals In order to faced with constantly evolving fashion, Caroll has chosen to continuously renew itself and launch new models, new colours throughout the season. The goal is to keep up with the latest looks. Caroll has to answer to the women wants. So, clothes are perfectly cut, the choice materials are an important part of its renewed. Caroll doesn’t offers only clothes fashion, it also sells accessories: scarves, jewellery, belts, bags, shoes, etc. B. Marketing Mix: 4 P’s  § Product: Caroll has a large range of products. All the products are based on three same styles that are based on the â€Å"details finishing† and the â€Å"high quality material† used. The silhouettes are real ly important: o 3 trends o 3 styles o 3 lines All the product’s shapes are well defined and cut in chosen materials, which offers a very elegant to order outfits. Caroll collection:  § Blouses  § Coats  § Dresses  § Jackets  § Pants  § Skirts  § Sweaters

The Gold Rush Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Gold Rush - Essay Example Apparently, the search for gold in the silent narrative establishes the point where the conflict develops as the main characters find themselves seeking after desperate means to obtain food and shelter. Though â€Å"The Gold Rush† illustrates the serious theme with comic relief via Chaplin’s signature slapstick routine, the borrowed ‘Tramp’ character herein projects no element of formalism. The Lone Prospector remains a common-man figure yet, as may be observed frequently, it is his sense of humor and humble attitude toward life which lightens up the rather severe image of poor and rough living in an all-snow mountainous region. Details of realism are vivid in the creation of the plot as the actors portray natural roles of men in pursuit of treasure with an approach that engages them in the course of nature instead of heroic transformation or magical escape from reality. The realist perspective of the plot guides their actions to arrive at the turning point and settle for resolution through real unpredictable circumstances. One concrete evidence would be the instance when Big Jim McKay exclaims having found gold at the onset (00:04:53) but the story proceeds into the situation where the famished McKay craves food (00:20:49) and says to his fellow â€Å"I thought you was a chicken† out of an illusion. Life in Alaska in the first quarter of the 20th century entailed having to cope with significant crises in economy which affected even the moral and social relations among the state inhabitants, in general. This is quite conspicuous in the unfortunate affairs which the Lone Prospector, McKay, and Black Larsen are confronted with in that, while Larsen sets off to get even in fate despite the burning cold weather, the other two have gone to the extremes of having a cooked shoe served for a Thanksgiving dinner (00:18:50). Their representational acting, in this stage, altogether appears lacking in emotional consequence or one that exhi bits warm human sentiment as the film attempts to demonstrate the truth regarding pretense and suspicion which humans were disposed to behave with at such times. Nevertheless, the abrupt pace of the acts coinciding with the thematic rhythm enables the audience to perceive â€Å"The Gold Rush† under the influence of its comical effects notwithstanding a grasp of the film’s historical context by a viewer. With humor, being the principal component of the cinema piece, the economic issue loses its essence as the heavy subject as the audience becomes more drawn to recognize the filmmaker’s chief objective of structuring the story flow with comedic schemes. By the moment the Lone Prospector parts from his temporary comrade and ventures across the icy environment, his trip leads to the Monte Carlo Dance Hall in Yukon where he is bound to meet Georgia. In the midst of the rush for gold, the man encounters the love of his life at an instant (00:31:53). Since his silent c haracter onscreen is further silent in this portion of the film, Chaplin renders peculiar gestures in acting out the fascinated yet speechless man after the woman’s invitation to dance. He utilizes certain body language to speak of the hidden feelings as via

Individual Assignment of Managing Global Alliances Essay

Individual Assignment of Managing Global Alliances - Essay Example John and Gilles (1996) cite the case of the 1990 merger of the French-owned Renault and Swedish-owned Volvo which ended up in a disaster. The shareholders of Volvo got very upset about the happenings and trends and led to a revolt which resulted in Volvo abandoning merger talks in December 1993 (John and Gilles, 1996: 255). In another twist, the Dutch-Belgium banking merger collapsed in 1989 and this led to several losses in rebuilding (Cartwright and Cooper, 2012). Clearly, these two incidents show that mergers of businesses from two national jurisdictions have some fundamental problems. In trying to explain these issues, Arns identify that before these mergers and strategic alliances can be carried out, there is the need to delineate priorities, goals and motives before these joint legal activities can be carried out (2005). These adjustments come with major structural problems which are sometimes never resolved. In other situations, there are major cultural differences which fuel the dissatisfactions of the key players. These cultural disparities are usually at the corporate and national levels (Arns, 2005). Another theory that explains the collapses of mergers and strategic alliances is that these alliances are often due to economic challenges and scarcity (Pahl and Richter, 2009). This induces businesses with extremely different cultural views to come together to attain given ends. These businesses are so different that they work together and achieve the economic goals. Once those goals are attained, the businesses become sensitive to their cultural differences and this leads to major tensions which often leads to the collapse of mergers. In all these situations, it is apparent that cultural differences play some kind of role in the break up of strategic alliances, joint ventures and mergers. This means that culture is very important and vital in these things. Research Problem This paper sets out to identify the main roots and actual effects of cultural di fferences in the break up of strategic alliances. In this situation, there will be the need to identify the role of culture in strategic alliances and similar ventures. Also, if this is identified, it is necessary to find ways of effectively dealing with cultural situations and problems to provide results that would enable strategic alliances to thrive. Aims and Objectives The aim of the paper is to â€Å"identify the extent to which cultural variations contribute to problems in strategic alliances and examination of the best methods of dealing these cultural problems in strategic alliances†. In attaining this end, the following objectives will be explored: 1. The definition of the key concepts and ideas that intervene with culture in strategic alliances. 2. An examination of how these key ideas and concepts in culture affect strategic alliances. 3. Identification of the key approaches to dealing with cultural problems in strategic alliances. 4. An evaluation of the effective ness of these alternative approaches in dealing with cultural problems through the analysis of three practical cases of strategic alliances. Literature Review This section of the report would examine key issues and pointers that are necessary to attain a meaningful understanding of the ideas and concepts that are being discussed in this project. The section would draw on ideas and concepts that define and describe the key elements and aspects of the paper

Controls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Controls - Essay Example There are certain risks, threats and challenges that a company may be faced with and becomes very difficult to evade or run away from( Wilsonart, 2008). This company not being exceptional, there are certain risks or threats that they few may arise if the weight of the boxes are not analyzed and proper results given or tabled. The key threat of this company, which is pegged on the weight of the boxes and a report, is therefore given below. The Weight of the boxes cannot be controlled, as reduction would lead to the production or poor quality products. The set weight of the cereal boxes cannot be controlled even by through packaging as the weight lies within the main commodities and not the boxes. The only reductions can be made is in the weight of the boxes but not the commodity (Munteanu, 2010). This clearly shows that no solution to the company’s threat as the solution lies with them. Actually, it is the duty of the company to increase its sales performance. This will help in bridging the gap that brought about by the weight of the boxes. As it can be seen from the chart or graph, is becomes very difficult to control the weight of the boxes as they run in a set range of units that cannot be altered with and if altered, then the company can experience poor quality goods hence leading to the drastic fall in the company’s performance. The only ways deal with this is to increase the rate of profitability and supplies. With high rate accumulation of profits, the company can fix the problem as a certain amount of profits received will go

Political Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Political Science - Essay Example Under a conservative system, individuals are responsible for their own welfare and the state benefits from individual’s efforts, contributions, and interests. Conservatives do not believe in equality of citizens and equitable distribution of national resources since every individual is compensated according to their effort. Liberals believe that the government should set policies and regulations against gun ownership. Under this system, the government is responsible for individual’s security and, therefore gun ownership is unnecessary. The liberals argue that people commit crime due to social disparities that exist within our society. Thus, in a liberal state there will be social and economic stability enhanced by equitable distribution of resources. Such states will have minimal crime rates. On the other hand, the conservatives believe that citizens have the rights for gun ownership as provided for by the Second amendment. In a conservative system, individuals have the rights to defend themselves and prevent criminals from committing crime. They also believe that gun controls laws do not prevent criminals from obtaining weapons and using them to commit crime. Instead, they argue that the government should strengthen existing laws to prevent misuse of guns. [Source textbook and week 9 videos] 2#, US elections often divide the country into either blue or red states. The Republican Party is associated with the red state while the democrats are linked with color blue. The blue and red state ideology originates from the liberal and conservative ideologies whereby the democrats are considered as liberal while the republicans are considered conservatives. The red and blue states have their origin from the era of slavery. States that supported slavery remain under the republican ideologies while those that supported abolition of slavery support the right movement or they are the blue states. Blue states include New England and the Great

The dysfunctional family dynamics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

The dysfunctional family dynamics - Essay Example Tom’s authoritarian methodology of controlling his wife and children is akin to a command-and-conquer mentality much like that of a militant. His psychological maladjustment appears to be a direct result of self-esteem depletion that provides the foundation for his deviant and abusive behaviours. Tom’s inefficiency in farming does not provide adequate income or sustenance to the household which exacerbates the problem in their marriage and the rituals that occur in the family dynamic. Carrie maintains an uninvolved parenting style which is borne of her growing depression and anxiety caused by Tom, her miscarriages, and the financial situation that drives the current family dynamics. In relation to family dynamics and roles, in most well-adjusted households, children learn about appropriate behaviours through social role modelling under social learning theory. This states that children will learn from adult role models based on what is punished and what brings punishment (Neubert, Carlson, Kacmar, Roberts & Chonko, 2009). However, in order for this learning to be adopted, the role model must be a credible and attractive person in the eyes of the child (Neubert, et al.). This is compelling support for why each of the children maintain a unique method of coping with the abuse behaviours that they experience or witness vicariously as it is directed at Carrie. Tom does not represent a worthwhile role model and, due to the father’s controlling methodology and distorted values on autonomy, the children have a distant and uninvolved relationship with both parents. Tom’s refusal to allow the children to socialise with neighbours or school peers continue to degrade healthy adjustment, especially in the older children. â€Å"Peer acceptance and friendships are distinct constructs and contribute positively to youth development† (Brown & Lohr, 1987, p.48). Under Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and personality development, in ord er to find higher concepts for healthy adult adjustment, a sense of belonging needs to be established in the family or social environment (Gambrel & Cianci, 2003). Individuals in society need to feel that they have a certain level of control over their circumstances and receive recognition from others in order to build self-confidence (Gambrel & Cianci, 2003). Tom contributes highly to the depletion of self-confidence by removing elements of autonomous living and decision-making from both Carrie and the children. He serves as a catalyst for maladjusted youth behaviours and personality, such as that of Fiona who simply deserted the family in favour of receipt of these more important affiliation and belonging needs. A non-affiliatory environment dictates the level of relationship between family members and is borne of passive and uninvolved parenting style. Tom: Tom appears to have a low locus of control, which under this theory is a person’s belief that external parties have c ontrol over their destiny (Treven & Potocan, 2005). A more healthy and adjusted adult tends to have a higher locus of control, believing that through perseverance and internal motivations that their own destiny is controllable and manageable without blaming the external world. Tom exerts these characteristics of having a low locus of control with his animosity against those who hold college degrees (since he did not complete higher education) and with his admonishment of neighbours as being nosey or without value. Tom is using inferior coping mechanisms and defence mechanisms common to those with distorted perceptions of the world that directly impacts the family unit and individual mental health. Violence and Children: Violence

The importance of proper nutrition for promoting wound healing in Literature review

The importance of proper nutrition for promoting wound healing in elderly - Literature review Example The overall health condition of the patient influences the result of healing from the damaged tissue. Older wound care patients call for additional care and constant that addresses the issues that speed up the wound treatment. Several wound care analysts support a holistic means for treating elderly wound patients that regards simultaneous bodily and mental aspects such as dietary position and illness status like diabetes and cancer. The following paper will look into the various methodologies, analyses, gaps, data and theories used and developed by these analyses towards wound haling in the elderly. II. Current Literature According to Timmes, wound healing needs an increase in the energy consumption of the patient because of a rise in metabolic demand. Nutrition plays a major role in the wound healing procedure, as various nutrients have precise functions connected to wound healing. Sufficient nutrition is also needed to sustain healthy skin integrity and elderly patients regularly go through delayed wound healing because of such nutrition deficiencies. Timmes also states that successful management of malnourished patients with wounds relies on precise untimely diagnosis and therapy. Heyman, Van De Looverbosch, Meier and Schols believe that a high-protein ONS supplemented with arginine, vitamin C, vitamin E and zinc when utilized with average and pressure ulcer care, particularly decreased the standard pressure ulcer area of permanent nursing home civilians. Major themes assessed by Sherman and Barkly include the importance of nutritional evaluation at the specific nutrients, their roles in wound healing, and the potential of wound therapy among the elderly. Other analysts with a similar viewpoint are Takahashi, Kimele and Jones, who have laid out fundamentals to wound healing through a series of steps. The steps include Step 1: Identify the cause This step involves the enhancement of a well organized would plan by realizing the cause of the wound. Such knowle dge provides a base for the healing procedure and prognosis. Step 2: Maintenance of good nutrition The authors of the journal do not sturdily point out the significance of proper nutrition in the sustenance of skin integrity and wound healing. Nevertheless, patients have proven through research results that the end-phase dementia or the fatal disease cannot get enough healing through ample nutrition. Step 3: Manage infection Sufficient wound healing needs a surrounding that is free of any kind of infections all skin the body is colonized, making bacteria and other inflectional organisms susceptible to causing infections to the body through the wound Step 4: Recommendations for wound therapy According to Takahashi, Kimele and Jones, discussions with the nursing staff and other healthcare givers are regularly needed for the establishment of concluding recommendations for wound treatment. On a similar note, Sherman and Barkly believe that various nutrients play major roles in wound hea ling. They have analyzed each nutrient using the following order and knowledge on wound treatment: Proteins The elderly normally face protein depletion, resulting in the reduction of the rate and quality of wound healing. Therefore, proteins are needed for healing since they are part of a seditious procedure, and in immune receptiveness, the development of granulation tissue become simpler and rapid. Carbohydrates As part of the healing proce

Everyday Use by Alice Walker Essay Example for Free

Everyday Use by Alice Walker Essay Everyday Use by Alice Walker takes into account a central conflict between two women. This conflict is symbolized by two main characters; Mrs. Johnson and Dee. Both have certain characteristics are similar but mostly Alice juxtaposes these characters with each other to bring out the main theme of the play. Dee is an epitome of shallow materialism and an adherent of prevailing concept of heritage where heritage is revered only for trendiness and aesthetic attraction whereas Mrs. Johnson admires heritage for its practical utility and personal importance. Both Mrs. Johnson and Dee are from the same socio-cultural backgrounds but both are brought up in different cultural milieu. Both admire heritage but their motives are different. Mrs Johnson is ‘In real life I am a large, big- boned woman with rough, man-working hands’ (273) whereas Dee is soft-skinned and of delicate nature. Piedmont-Mortob is of the view that central conflict is between Maggie and Dee and â€Å"is about whether heritage exists in things or in spirit, or process. † Dee’s longing for heritage is for ostentatious reasons. For example she says, â€Å"I can use the chute top as a centerpiece for the alcove table†¦and I’ll think of something artistic to do with the dasher†. (277) Contemporary periodical necessities make her cherish and celebrate her Afro-American heritage. â€Å"Dee views her heritage as an artifact which she can possess and appreciate from a distance instead of as a process in which she is always intimately involved. † (Piedmont-Marton) But Mrs. Johnson and Maggie have learnt to live with their heritage. Dee is captivated by the beauty of â€Å"churn top† and wanted to have it to be used as centerpiece for her alcove table whereas Mrs. Johnson has used it practically for churn butter hitherto. Walker utilizes the butter churn to demonstrate Mrs. Johnson’s intrinsic understanding of heritage. When [Dee] finished wrapping the dasher the handle stuck out. I took it for a moment in my hands. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. In fact, there were a lot of small sinks; you could see where thumbs and fingers had sunk into the wood. It was a beautiful light yellow wood, from a tree that grew in the yard where Big Dee and Stash had lived. (277) About quilts Dee says: â€Å"Maggie can’t appreciate these quilts†¦ She’d probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use† (278) that shows her shallow reason to love her heritage. Mrs. Johnson says, â€Å"I am the way my daughter would want me to be†. (273) This is manifestation of her adoption to the changing circumstances. Same is the case with Dee as her pretensions about her culture are directly related to the changing social environment where heritage is celebrated and is not understood. The development of Dee into Wangero shows various facets and phases through which black identity passed during late 1960s and 1970s. Predilection for appearance as compared with spirit remained hallmark of this era and this trend is manifested through Dee’s transformation into Wangero. â€Å"Dee’s new name, her costume, and her new boyfriend (or husband) are all indicative of her frivolous attitude toward her newly adopted African culture. † (White) Above-mentioned arguments and supported evidence show that there exist similarities as well difference between the character of Mrs. Johnson and Dee. They love the same thing for different reason. Works cited Piedmont-Marton, Elisabeth. An Overview of Everyday Use. Short Stories for Students. Gale Research, 1997. Literature Resource Center. Thomson Gale. Valencia Community College East Campus Lib. , Orlando. 18 Jan. 2002 https://www. linccweb. org/eresources. asp. White, David. â€Å"Everyday Use: Defining African-American Heritage. 2001. Anniinas Alice Walker Page. 19 Sept. 2002. Walker, Alice.

Regulating Iron Metabolism

Regulating Iron Metabolism Introduction Iron is an essential nutrient for many organisms as it aids in numerous cellular processes such as oxygen transport and DNA synthesis. In overload, iron generates free radicals that damage both proteins and lipids. On the other hand, a deficiency of iron undermines cell proliferation. Iron metabolism: an outline An adult manages to take up around 1-3mg of iron a day, in order to make up for any losses through sweat, urine and dying red cells. Non-heme iron is taken up by red cells through bivalent metal transporters, also heme iron is taken up by red cells though an undefined mechanism. Regulation of iron metabolism Keeping a constant cellular iron content is important and therefore the body has developed precise mechanisms for the regulation of uptake storage and export of iron. The Iron-Responsive Element (IRE)/ Iron Regulatory Protein (IRP) regulatory mechanism consists of a mechanism responsible for regulating post-transcriptional gene expression to maintain iron homeostasis. It involves two RNA binding proteins Iron-regulatory protein 12 (IRP 1, IRP 2) and a regulatory RNA elements known as Iron Responsive Elements. IRE/IRP interactions control the expression of mRNA sequences that encode for proteins responsible for iron acquisition (divalent metal transporter 1 and transferrin receptor 1), storage of iron (H-ferritin and L-ferritin) iron utilization (erythroid 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase), energy (mitochondrial aconitase), and iron export (ferroportin) (Muckhentaler, et al., 2008). The processes responsible from binding IRP1 and IRP2 to IRE are regulated mainly by iron levels, although other stimuli do exist, such as hypoxia and nitric oxide. In cells which have high iron levels, the IRP/IRE binding activity is low as IRP 1 2 are incapable of binding to IRE. In such conditions, IRP1 would set up an iron-sulphur cluster (Fe-S) which in turn transforms into cytosolic aconitase, whereas IRP2 would become degraded through the action of the proteosome. This means that only in iron-depleted cells would the IRP proteins bind to IRE. Both IRP 1 2 hinder translation initiation when bound to the 5’Untranslated Region of IRE, by inhibiting the binding of the small ribosomal sub-unit to the mRNA sequence (Muckenthaler, et al., 1998). In addition, when IRP1 is bound to a cap proximal IRE, and hence the cap binding complex (eIF4F) is produced. At this point the small ribosomal sub-unit does not incorporate in the presence of IRP1 which hinders any interactions needed between the cap binding complex and the small ribosomal sub-unit. The association of IRP 1 with the 3’IRE of transferrin receptor 1 reduces its turnover by hindering the cleavage of a restriction site and eventually its mRNA degradation (Binder, et al., 1994). The mechanism that stabilizes IRP mRNA has not yet been well investigated for other 3’IRE containing mRNA’s like CDC14A and DMT1, which contain one 3’IRE site and could require other factors in order to be regulated. Therefore, it can be said that the binding of IR P 1 2 ensures iron balance and no over expression of target mRNA molecules. The IRP/IRE system was primarily described as a non-complex post-transcriptional gene expression which regulates the formation of ferritins and transferrin receptor 1. The discovery of other mRNA sequences associated with this system has increased the complexity and has enhanced the role of IRP proteins to connect different pathways, which are regulated by iron metabolism. Assessment of Iron Status Iron studies are a group of tests that are performed in order to evaluate the status of the iron stores as well as the concentration of iron in serum. Tests that are performed when an Iron profile is ordered may include: Serum iron Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) and/or Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC) Transferrin Ferritin Transferrin receptor Transferrin Saturation Serum iron is a measure of the amount of iron present in blood and usually does not diminish until iron stores are depleted. It is ordered normally as a follow-up when low levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit are observed on a complete blood count. An increased level of iron can be due to ingestion of iron (e.g. food or medication) or ineffective erythropoiesis. On the other hand low iron levels might be the result of: infection, menstruation, inflammation, malignancy or iron deficiency. Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) is also used to measure the status of iron in blood. It can be either measured or else calculated based on the level of transferrin in the blood. TIBC and serum iron can then be used to calculate percentage transferrin saturation, which is a much better index for iron status than serum iron or TIBC alone, using the flowing calculation: The 26.1 value is used as a constant to convert Transferrin to an equivalent TIBC concentration. UIBC is normally used as an alternative to TIBC. Percentage transferrin saturation (TSAT) is a measurement of the amount of iron which is effectively bound to transferrin, therefore indicting the amount of iron which is available to sustain erythropoiesis. A low TSAT may be indicative of infection, erythropoiesis, inflammation or iron deficiency. Whereas, an elevate value might mean haemochromatosis, liver disease, ineffective erythropoiesis or recent ingestion of dietary iron. Transferrin is the plasma protein responsible for the transport of iron inside the body. It is also habitual to test for transferrin (apart from TIBC or UIBC) as this is a better indicator of the patient’s nutritional status and to some extent an indicator of liver function, since transferrin is produced in the liver. Low levels of transferrin can be observed with liver disease, however transferrin may also drop in malignant tumors and if not enough dietary protein is taken up. On the other hand, high levels can be observed with iron deficiency and during pregnancy. Iron can be stored intracellularly in the form of ferritin. Ferritin is a protein which stores iron in a non-toxic form. It is a sizeable molecule with a core of ferric hydroxide phosphate. It is considered to be the best indicator of iron stores in the body. Low levels of ferritin are normally indicative of iron deficiency or a response to therapy involving erythropoietin, whereas high levels might be due to inflammation, malignancy or infection. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTFR) does not necessarily feature in an iron panel; however it is worth mentioning since it helps distinguishing between iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disease. It is normally ordered in the case that an iron panel does not give enough information to reach a conclusive diagnosis. Usually to evaluate the status of iron stores ferritin is the preferred indicator. However, it is an acute phase reactant, meaning that it can give a falsely elevated value with inflammation or chronic disease. Seeing a, sTFR is not an acute phase reactant, it can be used as an alternative in case chronic disease is suspected.

The Space Between Us andA Thousand Splendid Suns Essay -- Comparative,

In architecture, contrast is used to create a dramatic entrance. The observer moves from a small, dimly lit space to a grand room full of light where they feel the impact of the room because of its contrast with the previous one. Similarly, authors, the architects of a book’s plot, use contrast to emphasize a character’s struggles and triumphs. In both The Space Between Us by Thirty Umrigar and A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini, the authors use the contrast between two lives to emphasize the power of money, education, and gender within Afghan and Indian society. The centre of economy and the focus of many lives, the power of money is punctuated by the difference in wealth in Bhima and Sera’s lives in The Space Between Us. The importance of money is stressed in A Thousand Splendid Suns with the contrast between Mariam’s father’s prosperity and her mother’s poverty and the difference in Laila and Mariam’s lives before and after war. Centred on the newly abolished caste system, the distinction between Bhima and Sera’s financial situations underlines the difference money makes in their society. While Bhima is forced to live in a slum, Sera enjoys the luxury of her home and the employment of Bhima. Another luxury Bhima can’t afford is to welcome Maya’s baby. Instead she is forced to watch her granddaughter suffer from the emotional effects of an abortion. While Sera eagerly awaits the birth of her own grandchild she is the one who financially facilitates the abortion of Bhima’s great- grandchild. Furthermore, because of the pre-existing social constraints of the caste system, Bhima is not permitted to sit on the same furniture or use the same dishes as Sera. Similarly, Mariam’s life is also restricted by her mother’s pove... ... few prospects. As a result, she felt the loss of something that could empower her to achieve her dreams. The power of education is also accented in The Space Between Us by the divergent lives that Bhima and Maya lead. While Bhima on the one hand is destined to forever serve others, Maya has the potential to overcome her circumstances because of her education. The importance that schooling can make in Maya’s life is repeatedly pointed out by Bhima whose dream for Maya is that she will go from her hut with two copper pots to â€Å"a kitchen with sparkling stainless steel pots and pans† (page 21) This is Bhima’s ultimate vision for Maya, one only attainable by continuing her schooling. Polarized by Bhima’s lack of education, which is what she equates to as the reason for her almost destitute life, the potential that school can afford a person in India is clearly defined.

marriages Essay -- essays research papers

Everyone knows how hard it is to find a mate for marriage. Having said that, each person is free to decide how the mate selection will take place. Some people would rather conduct this selection by themselves, without any help, while others prefer to get help from someone else, like their parents or a matchmaker. Before continuing it is wise to make a distinction between the traditional arranged marriage and the modern definition of an arranged marriage. The arranged marriages that happen by tradition in parts of Africa, most of Asia and a good portion of Eastern Europe are determined by the parents without the consent of the future couple. The modern view is very different from traditional view. Today's definition makes a distinct emphasis on choice, courtship and convenience. In most instances it is a service, provided by an agency, or a good friend. The purpose is to find a compatible mate, with the greatest number of similarities and the same primary objective: marriage. This te xt will compare and contrast some of the advantages and disadvantages of today's version of the arranged marriage. It is clear that the concept itself is controversial. Some people find it cold and little romantic to choose your lifelong partner using this method. Most young people tend to believe that the only way to choose a mate is to date until you fall in love plan a wedding and get married. This point of view is not very realistic if we define marriage as a lifelong commitment. If the young...

Sisters in The Color Purple Essay -- Alice Walker

In The Color Purple, written by Alice Walker, Celie's life was falling apart. Due to her step-father's actions, she became pregnant and then quickly had her children whisked away from her. She was sent away to marry a man she didn't know, and experienced more hardships than many could even attempt to fathom. Thankfully, she had her dear sister, Nettie, to think of and lean on both mentally and emotionally even when she wasn't able to be with her physically. In the beginning, the girl's mother was very sick. Their step-father took charge of the household and he began abusing Celie. Celie, being the oldest, accepted the abuse as a duty and attempted to stand her ground. She wanted to remain strong in order to insure the safety of her younger sister, Nettie. For Celie, the strength she found in enduring the abuses of her step-father remained with her throughout her life. Celie silently held her emotions inside and didn?t speak up in opposition when horrible things were going on all around her. When her step-father wanted to marry her off to Mr. _____, all she could think about was Nettie?s safety, and she never said a single word against it, though she was greatly conflicted in her mind. After she had been married off to Mr. , his sisters came to visit. They liked Celie a lot saying, ?Good housekeeper, good with children, good cook. Brother couldn?t have done better if he tried.? They weren?t able to see all the activity going on inside Celie?s head, though. She absolutely abhorred living with Mr. _____ and his horrendous children, but she had the strength she acquired from protecting Nettie, and she utilized it to suppress her emotions and in doing so, protect her well-being. Nettie was able to teach Celie any thin... ... because they had adopted Celie?s children before they had met Nettie and suspected she might have been the mother. All of this, though, was unbeknownst to Nettie. These two sisters had such an impact on the paths their lives took through their relationship. They provided each other with the strength each required to trudge though the situations their lives laid before them. They taught each other many valuable life lessons and to show love to other people. Even though they were literally oceans apart, they provided each other with a support system of family and friends, and most importantly they gave each other hope. Hope for the present and hope for the future, a future together. If Celie and Nettie didn?t have the intimate relationship they did, they wouldn?t have been able to make it through the trials to finally reach the reward of a life together in the end.

Law Questions Essay

Why do you want to pursue a career as a solicitor? Why do you want to pursue a career with Foot Anstey? Based on your experience and studies, describe the area of law which you are most interested in and why? Based on your experience and studies, describe the area of law which you are least interested in and why? If you weren’t going to be a lawyer, what career would you pursue and why? Please tell us about how you like to spend your spare time. In addition to the skills developed through your studies and work experience, is there anything else you want us to know about you? As a trainee at our firm, you will need to be able to think laterally and display commercial judgement. Give us examples of where you have demonstrated this to date, or examples of relevant experience which will help prepare you for this. Business Development is an incredibly important part of a Solicitor’s role at Foot Anstey; it involves representing the Firm, building internal and external relationships and selling products and services. Please give examples of any relevant experiences that will set you up for success in this regard. What factors do you think make you stand out as an applicant? We offer a broad range of legal services with many of our lawyers recognised as leaders in their field. We strive to develop long-term relationships with our clients and are easy to do business with.

Meno-Plato Essay

Meno begins his quest to have Socrates explain virtue by nature by stating that having beautiful things is to have virtue. â€Å"So I say that virtue is to desire beautiful things and have the power to acquire them† (77b). To help him to understand that this statement is not complete, Socrates inquires about specific characteristics that might comprise having something beautiful. These characteristics include wealth, a position of honor, justice, and the pursuit of happiness. Only in perfect combination to all of these specific characteristics assert â€Å"virtue as a whole† (77a) To desire beautiful things means to secure a good thing for oneself, according to Socrates. Under this explanation, all men desire good things and the men who desire bad things want to attain bad things for some benefit despite the fact that misery is a potential result. Therefore the act of desiring is with the intention of pursuing happiness as a virtue. â€Å"No one then wants what is bad, Meno, unless he wants to be such. For what else is being miserable but to desire bad things and secure them? † (78a). This characteristic of attempting to have happiness through securing good things and having power over them is a component of â€Å"virtue as a whole† (77a). Wealth and positions of power, under Socrates’ definition of â€Å"virtue as a whole† (77a), are only considered to be components of the nature of virtue if they are accomplished through just means. â€Å"It seems then that the acquisition must be accompanied by justice or moderation or piety or some other part of virtue; if it is not, it will not be virtue, even though it provides good things. † (78d-e) this reveals that the intention and process of acquiring good things is important to the nature of virtue as a whole. Without just process wealth nor positions of honor are not attributes of virtue because regardless of their significance as good or beautiful, they cannot be truly appreciated as virtuous without morally righteous intentions. â€Å"Then to provide these goods would not be virtue anymore than not to provide these goods would not to be virtue any more than not to provide them, but apparently whatever is done with justice will be virtue†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (79a) justice and good intention are required to be the basis of any good thing in order for it to be considered truly virtuous. However, in true response to Meno’s search to know the nature of virtue Socrates states that although that virtue as a whole is still under question. In order to understand virtue you must understand each characteristic that makes up virtue. â€Å"†¦that by answering in terms of the parts of virtue you can make its nature clear†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (79e) Virtue is not defined by any one definition, rather it is the characteristics and process of attaining these characteristics that comprises the nature of virtue. Socrates refutes Meno’s assertion that to attain beautiful things is to have virtue. Through this rejection he goes on to examine this differences between wanting good and beautiful things and, attaining bad things under the belief or idea that they are, in some way, good. However, having good things is not enough. These good things must be attained justly otherwise their significance to â€Å"virtue as a whole† (77a) is obsolete. These characteristics of wealth, a position of honor, justice, and the pursuit of happiness are mutually inclusive and together, begin to describe the nature of virtue.

Impact of a Deaf Child on Families

Impact of a Deaf Child on Families A bird calls and the phone rings. Yet the girl makes no move to listen to one or to answer the other. A baby’s cry goes ignored and the tea kettle on the stove continues to whistle. Most, but not all cases of childhood deafness and hearing-impairment are diagnosed between the ages of 18 months and 3-years-old (Mapp 50). Sometimes called the invisible handicap, hearing loss explains why sign language is the third most used language in the United States (Jones 54).While recognition of sight problems or physical impairments may be triggered by spotting eye glasses or a wheelchair, deafness must be discovered through acts of direct communication. The girl walks down the hall and does not acknowledge her friend calling her name. The term disabled has been much debated in recent years. It is both a classification of a functional limitation and a branding stereotype that scars a certain type of person. More than 90 percent of deaf children are born into hearing families.Before the 1970s, the impact this group of unique children had on their families and how the family structure adjusted was little studied (Mapp 7). Though raising a deaf child is challenging at times for parents and influential on how siblings are treated, it can also be a rewarding experience and an adhesive to hold together a family. When a child is diagnosed with deafness, it is the flag marking the beginning of a series of potentially draining events for his or her parents.Though many parents say that raising a deaf child differs in subtle yet slight ways from the already challenging aspects of raising any child, they also agree that their child’s disability tends to amplify emotions, especially in the early stages of diagnoses. There are feelings of disbelief, confusion, and disappointment that lead to anger while guilt mingles with a sense of mourning. Through all of these overwhelming responses, parents learn to deal with the seclusion, to recogni ze the drawbacks of their situation, and to effectively develop strategies for their families.Though it is too generalizing to say that all parents react the same way to their child’s hearing loss, many parents do react in similar manners. It is the hearing parents that are affected the most by the arrival of the news of hearing loss in their child. Deaf parents, on the other hand generally embrace the handicap of their child because they realize they have the resources and language knowledge to help the child. In studies done comparing deaf hildren from hearing parents with those from deaf parents, the children from deaf parents significantly outscored their counterparts in areas such as vocabulary, reading, social skills, and mathematics. An explanation for this may be that the children of hearing parents experience something called â€Å"language deprivation† by which they are stripped of the knowledge commonly passed down through the direct exposure to a language n atural to their parents (Mapp 190). For this reason, the stresses of raising a deaf child fall heavier on hearing parents.Many hearing parents feel this diagnosis shatters the illusion that their child is and will be perfect. This loss of innocence is a sentiment that many parents mourn. Many parents of deaf children have had little or no contact with the deaf community and are forced to comprehend a subject entirely foreign to them. Shock is a common response and works well as a defense mechanism that enables parents to begin the stages of mourning the illusionary loss of their normal child (Luterman 6). This shock gradually fades to disbelief as parents grasp at the permanent and incurable meanings of the word â€Å"deaf. Many ask how such a thing could happen in their family and occasionally the hearing problem is kept a secret. Though she was diagnosed in kindergarten, the girl begged her parents to keep her secret for years, senselessly believing that if no one knew about it t hen the problem did not exist despite the molds she wore in her ears. On top of denial, many families feel overwhelmed and that they have been given too much information in too short of a time period and may feel either ill-equipped to face the challenges of the diagnosis.With this fear often times comes anger and most parents of hearing impaired children feel a fundamental anger without an outlet through which to vent. There is anger at themselves, at the world, and even at the deaf child themselves. Sometimes this anger turns itself inwards and manifests itself as depression; other times it is capable of either strengthening or creating rifts within family systems and relationships. Perhaps one of the most prominent emotions felt by parents of deaf children is guilt.The future they had envisioned for their child has been violated in ways they never expected. Many parents would agree that having a hurting child and being helpless to assist them is one of the most distressing feelin gs they will ever experience (Luterman 9). Although having a deaf child can be rewarding in many ways it is very hard to see this in the beginning and the diagnosis affects parents in some very unique ways. Since the 1970s, studies have been done directly assessing the impact a deaf child has on families, especially on parents.It became clear from these studies that mothers and fathers deal with the stresses of their ill child in very different ways. Since mothers are typically invested in the daily stresses of raising a deaf child, studies have shown that they are more likely to be very involved in health and safety issues. Fathers on the other hand are typically found to engage in more distant roles of parenting due to occupational time consumption and are more successful at developing relationships with their child that does not revolve around the child’s disability (Luterman et al. 34-35).Studies have also shown that the time following a child’s diagnosis can be pa rticularly trying on husbands as they are trying to reassure their wives that everything will be fine while privately attempting to deal with their own deep and emotional grief (Luterman et al. 7). The separate roles each parent takes on complement each other by providing unique skills for their child. One of the most emotional taxing yet gratifying parts of raising a deaf child is that the mother is typically the one member of the family most capable of communicating with the deaf child.She becomes not only a mother, but an educator, social guidance counselor, communication specialist, interpreter, and audiologist consultant (Mapp 15). The girl’s mother went to the school district when the girl entered high school hoping sign language classes were available as a precaution in case her half deaf child continued to lose her hearing. They refused to even consider letting sign language qualify for her foreign language requirement. Another recurring theme in the challenges faced by parents is the abundance of ignorance in the faculty of school systems themselves.One frustrated parent wrote said about mainstreaming her deaf child into a hearing school, â€Å"†¦the teacher sometimes forgets†¦her limits and limitations†¦and does something incredibly dumb, such as the time in fifth grade when the teacher gave my daughter an oral spelling test of single words† (Luterman 175). Though most studies have focused extensively on the impact of a deaf child on parents, it is equally important to understand how it affects siblings. Family dynamics as well as parental reactions shape whether the hearing problem will strengthen the family structure or create tenuous situations.The definition of a family is a system of which all parts are inextricably interconnected (Luterman et al. 41). The sibling of a deaf child is typically forced to grow up faster than other children their age and assume greater responsibilities. One of the greatest favors a paren t can do for the sibling of a deaf child is to realize that an entire family unit cannot be healthy when revolving around the limitations of one of its members. In 70% of the cases of deaf children, there is one or more sibling involved in the family’s makeup (Mapp 65).These children can suffer from having a disabled sibling because their parents may feel both physically and emotionally exhausted after caring for the child that seems to need more attention. The sibling may feel neglected and guilty that they somehow evaded deafness themselves while their brother or sister is suffering. There may be feelings of shame and embarrassment when an adolescent child draws attention by signing with their sibling in public. Older children may feel a deep rooted anxiety that their own children will suffer from hearing loss.As with the relationships between parents, it is important that siblings be given a venue of open communication to vent their anxieties and frustrations. Clear commun ication is the key to a successful family structure. It has been found that some siblings may react with attention-seeking strategies like poor academic performance, illnesses, and recurrent tantrums. Other children may internalize their issues and end up with innate resentment issues when they are older (Luterman 143).While having a deaf sibling undoubtedly has drawbacks many siblings reported positive attributes as well. The recurring theme was that compassionate individuals with greater sensitivities to prejudices came from families with disabled children. These siblings also attributed the bond their family shared to their ability to form a cohesive unit during times of crisis (Luterman et al. 50). In order to thrive, it is vital that the family copes properly with the stressors associated with a deaf child.One of the most damaging, yet well intentioned acts a parent of a deaf child can commit is overprotection. Parents of handicapped children regularly underestimate their child ’s abilities, thus not allowing the child to make mistakes and learn. Overprotection leads to feelings of incapability and will hinder the child later in life. It must be acknowledged and accepted that even with interpreters, communication in a mainstream school will only be at about 75 percent for a deaf child (Jones 53). Instead of shielding a child from this barrier of communication, a parent must learn to mbrace it as a time of growth and a test of patience. Many parents see having a deaf child as a gift, as an opportunity to tap into strengths they never before realized they had. Though mothers of deaf children are likely to name healthcare providers as sources of support whereas hearing mothers named friends, it seems as though the levels of happiness of both women are consistent (Mapp 118). A parent’s attitude toward having a deaf child molds not only interfamily relationships, but the success of the child themselves.The original confusion of their child’ s diagnosis can morph into knowledge; the anger becomes a steady energy and focused drive, while the guilt turns into a lifelong commitment. The most important part of having a deaf child is that it forces ever member of a family to reevaluate life and realize just how precious of a gift it is. A disability only becomes a handicap when an individual allows it to skew their perception and hinder their accomplishments in life (Duckworth et al. 2). The girl smiled at her parents as she boarded the plane for college.It was through the hard work of her parents that she had made it so far. Never had they allowed her to see herself as tainted. They dealt with their issues quietly and ensured that the girl’s sister was never left behind. Through a sense of humor, teacher meetings, hard work, and patience they had shown her that her limitations led to endless accomplishments. The diagnosis was a hearing impairment and the girl is me. Works Cited Duckworth, Derek and Mark Philp. Childr en with Disabilites and their Families. New Jersey: Humanities Press Company, Ltd. 1982. Print. Jones, Reginald L. , ed. Reflections on Growing up Disabled. Virginia: The Council for Exceptional Children, 1983. Print. Luterman, David M. and Mark Ross. When your Child is Deaf: A Guide for Parents. Michigan: York Press, Inc. , 1991. Print. —. Counseling Parents of Hearing-Impaired Children. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, Inc. , 1979. Print. Mapp, Idalia, ed. Essential Readings on Stress and Coping among Parents of Deaf and Hearing- Impaired Children. Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 2004. Print.

How the Characters React Towards the Shooting of Candy’s Og Essay

The way the characters react towards the shooting of Candy’s dog reveals a lot abut the characters that we might not have expected. Carlson offers to shoot the old dog, complaining many times of the smell. The shooting of Candy’s dog shows the callousness of Carlson and the reality of old age and infirmity. Carlson typifies the men George describes as â€Å"the loneliest guys in the world†. He is outwardly friendly, but essentially selfish. He finds the smell of an old dog offensive so the dog must be shot. He shows very little regard to the dog’s owner, Candy. He relentlessly pursues the dog’s death, more for his own comfort than to put the dog out of its misery. However, Steinbeck does show some sympathy in Carlson, when he suggests â€Å"he won’t even feel it†, referring to Candy’s dogs death. This is contrasted to Candy’s procrastination to put this event off when he says â€Å"maybe tomorra, Le’s wait till to morra† Steinbeck displays that Candy is trying to delay the put down of his dog and his reluctance to end his dogs life shows how much he loves the animal. â€Å"Carlson had refused to be drawn in† this suggest that Carlson is determined and not to be put off. When Carlson brutally keeps after candy, candy’s reaction is described in the adverbs Steinbeck has used: â€Å"uneasily,† â€Å"hopefully,† â€Å"hopelessly,† and the way candy reacts: â€Å"Candy looked for help from face to face.† When he reaches out to Slim for help, even Slim says it would be better to put the dog down. Slim is portrayed as serene and a good listener/observer in this novel, and when Steinbeck suggests â€Å"the skinner had been studying the old dog with his calm eyes† – referring to Slim, it suggests that he had been very thoughtful about the whole incident and even showed his understanding and considerateness when he reminded Carlson to take a shovel, so Candy will be spared the glimpse of the corpse. â€Å"I wisht somebody’d shoot me if I get an’ a cripple† are the words Slim uses that Candy later echoes when he considers his own future. This perceptibly puts Candy in deep thought, it shows Candy’s realisation of his own mortality when Slim states this. The dog, in this case tells us something of the owner. When Steinbeck shows the dog nearing the end of its days it could show that candy was too. Also Steinbeck employs irony by saying that he wanted someone to ‘shoot’ him when he got ‘old’ and ‘crippled’ which he almost is. Slim also reassures Candy when he says â€Å"you can have a pup if you want to†. When Candy finally gives in and allows Carlson to shoot his dog, it shows the reader that candy wants to be over and done with and wants his dog a swift and painless death. There is some empathy shown when Carlson says â€Å"come on boy† to soften the blow for the dog and more so Candy. Once Carlson has taken the dog to shoot, Steinbeck builds the tension within the characters just before the dog is killed. â€Å"George followed to the door and shut the door† – this proposes George’s kind nature and sympathy towards Candy and his dog- this could be one reason as to why George did not give an opinion on whether Candy’s dog should be shot. When George offers â€Å"anybody like to play a little euchre† it is evidently shown that George is trying to change the topic and he doesn’t want to worry Candy about the dog, this makes the reader see George taking people’s emotions into account before his own, we also saw this earlier in the book when George stands up for Lennie. We see this again when George â€Å"ripple the edge of the deck nervously† this shows that he is also concerned about the whole situation. It is evident that whit also showed concern indirectly when he says â€Å"what the hell is taking him so long†. When Steinbeck repeats â€Å"a minute passed, and another minute† he purposely extends the sentence which is a reflection as it prolongs the moment. And then when Steinbeck says â€Å"the silence came into the room. And the silence lasted.† Steinbeck employs short length sentences which make the moment seem longer and intensify the significance of that specific time. After â€Å"the shot sound in the distance† we are told that Candy â€Å"slowly rolled over and faced the wall and lay silent†, this reaction suggests that candy tried to bravely take in what just happened by turning his back to it and attempting to keep unruffled. The use of short sentence shows us that initially after the shot, there were no comments by anyone which implied that it left them in shock and the realisation of what just happened was slowly sinking in everyone’s head. Steinbeck’s employment of repetition of conjunctions with ‘and’ lengthens the sentence at the end, expanding the climax of the scene, as the audience wants to know what happened to Candy, after his most beloved companion has gone. Carlson even cleans his gun in front of Candy after the deed is done, this reinforces his brutal character. While it may be true that killing the dog put it out of its misery, little concern is shown for Candy’s feelings after a lifetime of caring for the dog. Now Candy is like the rest of them — alone.

The feminist media in middle est Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The feminist media in middle est - Essay Example I. A Brief History of Media in the Middle East and the Origins of the Female Presence From a historical standpoint though, Middle Eastern media dates back to the early 1800s. During the times of the Ottoman Empire and Qajar Iran to name but a few, media in official and private arenas began to take shape (Fortna, 97). Although Middle Eastern media at this time was largely financed by subscription and advertisements, it became a popular tool in the transmission and dissemination of cultural/technical works – largely aided by the newly imported printing technologies from European nations (Fortna, 97). However, it wasn’t until the early 20th century when media became a professional occupation, that the power of media (writing, journalism, and illustrations) was fully harnessed. By 1925, print and roving journalists had begun creating teams, to comment on the popular media of the day – radio and cinema (Fortna, 97). Regarding the first notable female presence in Middl e Eastern media, it appears that this is not well documented and varies greatly depending on the type of media. For example, since the inception of Aziza Amir’s first Arabic feature length film in 1927, females have been permitted to make and direct films (Skilli, 48). Filmmaking has offered women (feminist or otherwise) to encapsulate the complexities of female realities and offer a somewhat covert challenge to the dominant view of the female role – for example, Abnoudi’s 1971 file (Horse of Mud), encouraged Middle Eastern people to consider the impact of gender roles and socioeconomic class on the daily lives of Middle Eastern women (Skilli, 48). Critical feminist films that overtly challenge the dominant order are still subject to censorship in the Middle East to this day. For example, when Tahmineh Milani’s feminist film, roughly translated as the â€Å"Hidden Half† was introduced to the public in 2001, she was both arrested and then interrogat ed (Skilli, 49). Women did not become notable in the establishment of publishing houses until the 1980s, when Iranian feminist Shahla Lahiji became the first publishing house owner. Following this, several other women were able to establish publishing houses, and put women’s issues in the public arena for the first time (Skalli, 45). Females did not appear in contemporary journalism in the Middle East until the 1980s – and faced dual threats: from religious quarters and from censorship of the semi-military government when publishing materials that aimed to discuss women’s rights, women’s issues, or any other topic that threatened the prevailing order (Skalli, 41). Sakh (2004) argues that even when women were/are afforded the necessary freedom to participate in mass media outlets in the Middle East, there is no guarantee that they support feminist causes, or aim to promote discussion of issues relevant to women (Sakr, 8). In fact, female illiteracy is a ma jor Middle Eastern issue, which serves to promote compliance with the dominant system, preempt challenges to it, and keep women in a subordinate position (Sakr, 8; Skalli, 41). Regarding female appearance on television, much progress has been made in the past 30 years. Notably, Jordon’s most prominent female reporter, Rana Husseini, and Algerian reporter Horia Saihi, have constructed stories on the female experience of war

Real Estate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Real Estate - Essay Example It has become extremely wealthy after gaining foreign direct investment funding in the 1970s. The country has a rather high Human Development Index when compared to other Asian countries the country has risen 8 ranks on the Human Development Index. Real GDP in 2005 grew quite rapidly by 8.2% to AED357.6bn on the back of extremely strong economic activity, and the prices of oil also grew at a fast pace resulting in big fiscal as well as external surpluses. Economic Growth in the last few years has highly increased the per capita GDP to a record high of US$28,147 in the year 2005 as compared with US$24,380 the year before (Marcus & Howard p 78). When Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are analyzed it can be said that that after Qatar, UAE has the highest per capita GDP. After looking forward, we anticipate economic growth to stay the same for both years 2006 as well as 2007. GDP is expected to grow by a good 14% for the year 2006 to reach AED553.4bn, whereas in real terms the economy is expected to achieve approximately 9.7%. Of a high growth rate The UAE's property market sector wholly contributed to 7.4 percent of the country's GDP in 2005. That year, in 2005 it experienced an immense growth of 19.7%, as well as a CAGR of 13.5% during the period 2000 to 2005. This sector was buoyed by the increase in investment in infrastructure, the rise in the residential and non-residential units, and the country's development into an eye-catching tourist destination. Because of the country being transformed indication to the rise in residential and non residential units The real estate and construction sectors both accounted for 14.6% of GDP via government in 2005 (Marcus& Howard p 76). Dubai, the most important market for foreign investments has made some crucial improvements over the last few years. After allowing 100% possession for foreigners in selected locations, there have been some amendments to the law including the newly announced property law No. 3 of 2007 which was issued via government early this year. This law completely l egalizes freehold ownership of land as well as property to UAE along with GCC nationals, whereas permitting equal rights to non-GCC expatriates in designated areas. The latest law fully permits expatriate homeowners to record and register all their property in their names through the Dubai Lands and Properties Department. Urban Planning 2030: Abu Dhabi Urban Structure Framework Plan 2030(Marcus &Howard p 75), a complete plan destined for the development of the city of Abu Dhabi that will aim to help, as well as guide, in making decisions for the next quarter of a century. The Government has also recently made an announcement regarding the establishment of a new Urban Planning Council to supervise the implementation of the plan for future development of urban planning policies. The plan has been made for the sole purpose of delivering upon the vision of Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the UAE as well as Ruler of Abu Dhabi, and

INTERMEDIATE MACROECONOMICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

INTERMEDIATE MACROECONOMICS - Essay Example The ASF line was a vertical line with interest rates measured along the y axis. Thus, the ASF line was unresponsive to changing interest rates at a given level of output (GDP). Both Money and Supply are unresponsive to interest rate changes as well. It is assumed that the GDP is at a profit-maximizing level. Hence, any change in the level of APE will not be complemented by a similar rise in ASF. This is because when APE increases, and the buyers hunt for cash through funding, the ASF remains the same as money supply and the velocity of money are taken to be unresponsive to any changes in interest rates. In order to cope with this excess demand, the banks will offer higher interest rates, and keep going higher till it overshadows the excess demand. Even though demand was high, there was no real increase in expenditure because APE was unresponsive, and thus businesses never had any incentive to raise prices or output; hence, GDP remained the same too. The APE curve will shift back to i ts position eventually owing to increased interest rates which curb demand. Same is the case when APE falls; price and output are unaffected. It is only when the ASF, being a vertical line still in classical macroeconomic theory, shifts to the right or left is the price and output of product (GDP) affected. When funding (ASF) increases, interest rates fall which in turn raises APE. The economy will find a new equilibrium ahead of the current GDP, giving an incentive to producers to increase prices (producers in this version of the macroeconomic theory are taken to be satisfied at current level of output). Once prices are increased, it curbs funding (ASF), which in turn increases interest rates. When rates are increased, the APE falls until all three, interest, ASF, and APE are back at the initial equilibrium. Hence, it could be concluded that a rise in ASF would only cause inflation without any chance in output or employment. As such, a fall in ASF would result in a loss of APE, cau sing loss of demand and higher interest rates. Businesses will counter with lower prices, causing ASF to rise again and APE to go back to its original level, without any change in output or employment. This was the same case with any fall in GDP, so that if output fell, and prices rose, resulting in less ASF, all businesses had to do was readjust their costs and consequently prices of goods in order to increase expenditure (APE) back up again and with the help of lower interest rates, ASF to rise up back to its original level. Output would remain unaffected. According to classical macroeconomic coordination, all these changes were to take place over a period of time. However, the Great Depression of 1929 saw unparalleled levels of unemployment and loss of GDP which brought a change in theories since. The first change was on the control of expenditure. It was seen that when APE rose, the corresponding change in interest rates would not be able to fully engulf the new rise in demand. Some demand would be funded affecting the conditions of the market, causing temporary rise in output and inflation. On the contrary, if APE fell, interest rates would also remain unchanged until manufacturers responded by cutting costs and prices. However, the macroeconomic coordination’s tendency to find the equilibrium by altering the prices to reach GDP at full-employment is faced with two problems. Firstly, APE can fall to such

Night by Elie Wiesel Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Night by Elie Wiesel - Annotated Bibliography Example Night by Elie Weisel is a work that shows few characteristics of almost three modes of narration. On one hand it is the tale of the author’s own life so, it would not be wrong to say that is has the trait of an autobiography. On the other hand, it reflects profoundly on an immensely significant part of time and history, and its connection with the author’s life- thus it shows the characteristics of a memoir. It also has some potentials of a diary, as it provides thorough annals of daily occurrences taking place in the concentration camps, reminding us of the dairies of Anne Frank and the veteran African author N’Gugi Wa Thiongo’s Detained, which is a stark prison diary with exceptional fits of torments. It is an anecdote of an eternal hope that never lets the flame of hope to retire, even in the most perilous and bleak point of life. It is an intense tale of a father and his son and a metamorphosis in their relationship in an extremely adverse and difficul t situation.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The author is a ‘Holocaust’ survivor. He witnessed the most grotesque and gory sides of war and its direct effect on human lives vividly. From his novel, the horror of the cruelest genocide became prominent. It is a journey of the protagonist to a new life where humbleness and security exist evenly. Night is the initial book in the trilogy by Wiesel—Night, Dawn, and Day. The trilogy reflects Wiesels condition of psyche throughout the struggle in the concentration camps and history of the Holocaust. The titles spot his switch from obscurity to radiance, with accordance to the Jewish custom of the beginning of a fresh day at nightfall. In Night, the author assumed that he wanted to reach an end of the events of pain, which have inevitably ravaged his life. Weisel is successful in making a chain of portraits of a sheer transformation of human mind under a hostile

Canadas Amnesty International Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Canadas Amnesty International - Essay Example The international group’s basis is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as well as other human rights policies, statutes, and benchmarks. Canada’s AI harnesses the available global resources and ensures nations will increase implementation of the human rights of the nations’ inhabitants. The Canadian AI group espouses equality. Equality includes offering equal opportunities to persons of different classes to achieve their goals and dreams in life. Equality includes offering equal chances to individuals from different races to prosper in life. The council supervises the International executive committee. There are more than 80 AI offices strategically located in many countries around the world (Clark, 2010). Furthermore, the AI’s Canada Branch has its local executive committee. The committee oversees the Montreal branch and the Ottawa branch. The branch has more than 79,999 members. The group advocates for better treatment of prisoners. AI –Canada was able to gather more than $11,250,000 funds during 2011 alone. An estimated 44 percent of the money was funneled to the conducting of researches, missions, and reports, worldwide campaigns, trial observers, and helping other global agencies such as the United Nations achieve their own set of predefined goals and objectives. The key ingredients to AI’s Canadian branches are open membership, measurable goals, program evaluations, evolution, and efficiency-related itineraries (Clark, 2010). Race. In the workforce, one article states that the nonwhite workers greatly suffered from work discrimination policies (Baines, 2008). The work responsibilities were normally classified as white jobs and non-white jobs. AI should increase its current efforts to reduce human rights abuses. For example, the AI must focus on reversing the race issue covering up the issue of job title or job responsibilities (Clark, 2010).

Richard III - Shakespeare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Richard III - Shakespeare - Essay Example He engages other by his persuasions in order to win their support; he does this using all possible means even killing others in order to achieve his ambitious dream. Although at the end of it all we see Devine power taking control of the scene. Because of Richard’s hunger for power, conflicts have been created in this society throughout the play Richard III. Richard is so ambitious and hungry to be the leader of England no matter the conflicts he brings between him and the people. From the beginning to the end of this play, every move is about Richard and his desire to be the king. He either uses persuasion or even kills to ensure he achieves this ambition. We see Richard sweet talking Lady Anne in order to win her. Lady Anne knows that Richard killed his husband and father in law King Henry VI, but still Richard cunningly is able to lure and win her for marriage. Richard knows that by marrying Lady Anne he makes a strategic move towards getting the throne (Shakespeare, 1597, A4v). He further spreads rumors about his brother through his false prophecy claiming that Clarence was planning to kill the king’s heirs yet he is the one planning to do so. He makes the king furious with Clarence leading to his imprisonment and later he is killed through Richard’s orders (Shakespeare, 1597). Richard had a number of plans of evil thi ngs to do to make himself king and rule England forever. These plans were to; eliminate his brother Clarence, marry Lady Ann, kill king Edward IV, become protector since the heirs were still young, eliminate anyone who supported the heirs, murder the young princes, make himself king, murder his wife then beat up Richmond. Richards hunger and ambition to get to power lead him to commit so many evil deeds in order for him to achieve his dreams. All the deeds by Richard to get himself to power created conflict between

Biomedical research and testing (a bioethical topic of yesterday and Essay

Biomedical research and testing (a bioethical topic of yesterday and today) - Essay Example Additionally, in Europe, 400,000 people are said to have also died due to small pox. Edward Jenner is alongside other fathers of medical history who discovered the small pox vaccine. It is obvious that the survivors of the disease, had become immune to the disease and therefore, they were called upon to nurse the affected ones because they were not likely to suffer from the disease again. Edward Jenner discovered that milkmaids who were infected with cowpox virus were immune to smallpox, and to test this theory, he got some pus from the cowpox blister that was found on one of the milkmaid called Sarah. He then injected the pus to his son’s gardener, James and repeated a number of days increasing the amount of pus into the boy. Additionally, he deliberately injected the pus to his gardener James, and through it he became ill but recovered after a few days. He even repeated the same experiment on his own son and other children by infecting them with cowpox as well as smallpox. J enner’s experiment became the evidence used to come up with inoculation that finally eradicated smallpox. Jenner experiment can be well explained by Machiavelli quote â€Å"the end justifies the means†, which in this case it is questionable. ... This was obviously wrong because of his actions. In the first place, Jenner was not right when he decided to conduct his experiment on his gardener’s son. The end does not always justify the means. Kapis and Gad claim that, it is human nature, for individuals to not always justify their actions. Therefore, if Jenner’s experiment was incorrect, the gardener’s son would have died instantly or would have been infected by the disease as well as other children (34-56). The gardener would have lost his son, because of Jenner’s experiment. To borrow from Beauchamp’s words, we cannot trust the world to be moral and idealistic enough in helping the environment and humanity, and at the same time, be practical enough to make difficult decisions that will cause a great harm to the people (34-68). Nevertheless, Jenner also attempted the same experiment on his own son, risking even more. This means that he could have lost his son as well. However, his experiments saved millions of people as well as his willingness to push his theory in the name of medical and scientific discovery, and as result proved that sometime, the end justifies the means. Some current medical practices which preclude the particular type of experiment that Jenner practiced are still similar today. For example, people have forced to have the smallpox vaccine by being injected. This is not a normal injection, but a painful one that generates a pox and eventually a scar (Conn 34-66). In the world of medicine, there are bioethical battles on testing drugs. In 3rd world countries, companies are testing drugs on the patients because it is cheap and no regulations. This test is like Jenner’s experiment on his gardener’s son and has facilitated new

Quality and Safety Two Sides of the Same Coin Coursework

Quality and Safety Two Sides of the Same Coin - Coursework Example According to National Transportation Safety Board, civil aviation accidents in the United States for 2011 had slightly increased than the previous year (i.e. 2010). Numbers of civil accidents have increased from 1500 in the year 2010 to 1550 in the year 2011. Simultaneously, the fatalities have increased from 473 in the year 2010 to 485 in the year 2011. In the year 2011, 28 mishaps were accounted for the Part 121 air carriers and 4 accidents were reported for the part 135 commuter1. This statistic show that the differences between the accidents rates between the two years do not vary much, even though efforts have been made that are needed to ensure higher quality and considerable safety to the consumers. It has undoubtedly become one among the top most priorities of the aviation companies. Aviation industry is an important industry in the United Kingdom and influences the country’s overall economy and lives of the people. The British Airways based in the UK is one of the bes t airline companies operating in the world. Its brand revolves round the customer satisfaction and its primary goal is to provide utmost satisfaction to its customers through ensuring quality and safety. The aviation industry in the United Kingdom is booming at a tremendous rate every year, thereby creating the need to maintain best quality along with the highest safety measures to its customers2. The continuously changing environment in the aviation sector has posed certain significant challenges to improve the quality in service and the safety measures provided to the customers. Risk in Aviation Industry Risk in aviation industry emanates from a number of factors. Pilots usually have to work in complex circumstances and operate together with different technologies. In such circumstances, the risk is very high and threats come from variety of sources3. Icing during the winters causes dense layer of clouds cover that may cause difficulties to the pilot while flying. Icing and freezi ng are common in European countries including the United Kingdom. The other major reason that acts as a hurdle in the aviation is the wind factor. During taking off or at the time of landing, strong wind possesses considerable risk to the aircrafts. During thunderstorm, lightening is caused which discharges electric that may destroy the aircraft and may cause fire in the fuel tank which may result into explosion in the aircraft4. In addition to this, it can disrupt the communication system and the navigation tool present in the aircraft. When there is a large storm, it may accompany with the hail stone that may damage the skin of the aircraft. It is not only the natural factors that cause damages and create threats while flying in aircrafts but the most imperative factor that is responsible for the aircraft mishap is the technical errors. Today, alike other sector, the aviation sector is also highly dependent on technology. Despite technological advancements, there have been a numbe r of cases of technological failures such as engine failure and communication error during the course of a flight. Engine failure is probably the most dangerous situation that may lead to fatal accidents. Engine failure may be caused by the contamination of fuel or the pump failure. Another reason for the engine failure is the spark plugs that may not function properly during the flying stage5. Technological factors can be avoided, if proper inspection is conducted before the